This first graph shows the number of refugees or other people who need protection since The numbers until June are estimates. However, the total number , , and the number of onshore protection visas, is misleading. Since , people who have claimed protection in Australia after coming by boat do not get permanent protection.
This means they are no longer counted as part of the refugee program. Temporary protection. Statistics on people seeking asylum in the community. This means only a certain number of visas can be granted every year to people in Australia. As well, anyone who now comes without a valid visa mostly by boat cannot apply to be a refugee. They can only apply if the Minister allows them to apply.
Contents IntroHow many refugees come compared to migrants? We acknowledge the traditional owners of the land we work on - the Gadigal people of the Eora nation, and the Wurrundjeri people of the Kulin nation. We pay respects to elders past and present, and acknowledge sovereignty was never ceded. This data is available at the national level annually. For state and territory, see the following chapter — State and territory populations by country of birth.
It is only available for Census years. In , there were over 7. This was One year earlier, in , there were 7. Nearly every single country from around the world was represented in Australia's population in Historically, more people immigrate to, than emigrate from, Australia thereby adding to the growth of the national population.
The various waves of migrants from numerous countries over time, have had an important effect on the diversity of Australia's population. In , those born in England , people continued to be the largest group of overseas-born residents, accounting for 3.
This year, residents from India , moved into second position, replacing China , There are differences in the age structure of people born in Australia and those born overseas.
Those born in Australia dominate the younger age groups, while the overseas-born increase from the year age group.
The main reason there are fewer overseas-born in the very young age groups is that most people are far less likely to migrate with young families. The median age is useful to assess the changing age structure of a given population over time. It is the age at which half the population is older and half is younger. The median age of the overseas-born population has gradually been decreasing from a decade ago however, at 30 June , a small increase was recorded from the previous year, to 44 years of age.
On the other hand, the median age of the Australian-born population has gradually been increasing over time to now be 34 years of age, similar to the previous year. The decrease in the median age of the overseas-born population prior to 30 June has had a positive effect on the age structure of Australia by slowing the ageing of the total population.
Migrants from countries who were part of the post-second world war migration streams, are now generally older. For example, the Italian-born population has a median age of 72 years whereas, those from more recent groups of migrant arrivals are younger.
For example, the Indian-born population has a median age of 35 years, one year older than those born in Australia. When analysing those countries of birth in within Australia those with a population of or more , the group with the:. Australia's estimated resident population ERP by country of birth is measured at 30 June.
At the state and territory level, data is only available for Census years, with the latest being However, this varied across the nation. The proportion of the population born overseas increased for all states and territories since In , those born in England just over 1 million people continued to be the largest group of overseas-born residents in Australia.
New Zealand-born , people were in second place, while Chinese-born , people were in third place. At the state and territory level, the ranking of countries varied to the national level and that of the other states and territories. The largest groups of overseas-born residents for each state and territory in were as follows:. Net overseas migration is the net gain or loss of population, through immigration overseas migrant arrivals to Australia and emigration overseas migrant departures from Australia.
The data presented here is annual, for years ending 30 June. For quarterly migration estimates, see the publication National, state and territory population. This was less than a month after suspected cases were reported in Wuhan, China. Initially the Australian Government placed travel restrictions on those travelling to Australia from mainland China commencing 1 February Restrictions on other countries soon followed.
From 20 March , all overseas travel was banned, with few exceptions. The pandemic has continued to disrupt international travel and migration patterns. Some of the changes recorded in the migration data below are due to the impact of these travel restrictions.
Preliminary overseas migration to and from Australia in the year to June , resulted in a net increase to Australia's population of , people:. While exhibiting a pattern of variability over time, net overseas migration has remained above , people since The preliminary estimates below show some of these changes.
The three largest states, New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland, continued to account for the largest contributions to preliminary net overseas migration nationally in the year ending 30 June The net overseas migration estimates and change from one year earlier, for each state and territory were:.
When comparing overseas migrant arrivals and overseas migrant departures in the year ending 30 June in to Temporary visa holders were the majority of overseas migrant arrivals For permanent visa holders in the year ending 30 June , overseas migrant arrivals declined, while migrant departures increased from one year earlier.
For Australian and New Zealand citizens who do not require a visa for migration to Australia , in the year ending 30 June Migrants born in China have provided a net gain to Australia's population through overseas migration in recent years. However, in the year ending 30 June , Chinese-born migrants recorded a net loss of 15, people over 63, migrant arrivals minus 78, migrant departures. This especially affected the travel of international students from China before the start of the academic year.
Australian-born migrants also recorded a substantial change due to the impact of COVID, with a net gain through overseas migration of 19, people 62, arrivals minus 43, departures.
Traditionally each year, more Australian-born people emigrate from Australia than immigrate to Australia. In recent years, Indian-born migrants recorded strong net gains through overseas migration. Of all countries of birth over time, those born in India reached an all time record in with a net gain of 73, people through overseas migration. Those born in the United Kingdom recorded a net gain 10, people in , whereas New Zealand-born migrants recorded a net loss people through overseas migration.
The regions of the world where Australia's incoming migrants are born have changed considerably over time. The years ending 30 June for to have seen such changes, with a continued shift away from Europe towards the regions of Asia. Migrant arrivals from the South and Central Asian region were the highest for immigration in , followed by those from Oceania and North-East Asia.
Regional overseas migration is the movement of people to or from Australia's regions through immigration or emigration. This commentary analyses regional overseas migration estimates for as released in the publication Regional population, The ten regions with the highest net gains through regional overseas migration in were located in Melbourne, Sydney and Perth.
In contrast, the ten regions with the smallest net gains from overseas migration were almost all outside of the capital cities, mostly covering rural and remote regions of Australia. These included:. Net interstate migration NIM is the net gain or loss of population through the movement of people from one state or territory of usual residence to another.
During , there were , people who moved interstate, a decrease of 8. In the year ended 30 June , there was a net gain from interstate migration which contributed to population growth for:. Estimates for are preliminary - see Interstate migration in paragraph 9 of the Methodology. In some states and territories, consistent long-term patterns of net gains or net losses from interstate migration have been established whereas other, mainly smaller states, experienced fluctuating results through the years.
Over the 10 years to June , interstate migration contributed to population growth with average annual gains for:. The nations in which the largest numbers of refugees were newly recognised in were Turkey , , Sudan , , Uganda , , Germany , and Cameroon 55, Australia recognised 10, refugees in , most of them given temporary protection visas. In global terms, Australia was ranked 29th for recognition of refugees in — 30th per capita and 60th relative to GDP.
In , 1. By this measure, Australia recognised or resettled 23, refugees in 1. As numbers vary considerably across different countries from year to year, it is more useful to look at these statistics over a year period. Between January and December , Australia recognised or resettled , refugees.
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