European manufacturers sometimes give this size as mm x mm. North America also has a special series of paper sizes defined for architectural purposes, in general these have aspect ratios of or These aspect ratios are very similar to the aspect ratio used for computer screens. This idea was originally proposed by the German scientist Georg Christoph Lichtenberg in In , Dr. This new standard was known as the DIN standard. The system became widely used during World War II.
The most commonly used ISO paper size is A4. The current sizes are based on traditional sizes such as Letter 8. Though the sizes now begin with ANSI, they are nevertheless based on the traditional sizes.
The most convenient and distinguishing characteristic of ISO paper is that each format has an aspect ratio equal to the square root of two which makes it simple to enlarge or reduce a document for printing on another ISO paper format. The most popular series of the ISO standard is the A series. The most widely used paper of this series is the A4 format. All paper sizes of this series have a name that consists of an A followed by a number. The larger that number, the smaller the paper.
The basis for the whole system is the A0 format which has an area of one square meter. Figuring out the dimensions of the subsequent paper sizes does not require any real mathematical strain since each ensuing size can be created by simply folding the paper in half with the crease parallel to the shortest sides.
Take note that the height of A1 is equal to the width of A0. The B series was brought into being to provide a wider range of paper sizes, where as the C series is used only for envelopes.
The B paper sizes are a bit larger than their A series counterparts and are based on the geometric mean of two consecutive A series sheets. The C series was introduced to provide an envelope with enough space for an A series sheet.
The sizes of the A series fit in C series envelopes of the same number. That is, a sheet of A4 easily fits into a C4 envelope. As the names imply, it's sometimes used for newsletters and for financial documents, as well as for other charts that won't fit nicely on letter-sized paper or on legal-sized paper. Many printers and copiers can take a variety of paper sizes. Check your printer's manual to know which paper sizes your printer can take, and how to load the paper and adjust the size settings in your printer.
Outside of the United States and Canada, another system of paper sizes is commonly used. This size system is based on metric measurements, and a size known as A0, is designed to be 1 square meter in area. It is millimeters by millimeters. Other sizes include A1, A2, A3, A4 and so on. For applications where the ISO A series does not provide an adequate format, the B series has been introduced to cover a wider range of paper sizes. The C series of formats has been defined for envelopes.
For instance, B1 is the geometric mean between A1 and A0, that means the same magnification factor that scales A1 to B1 also scales B1 to A0.
Similarly, the formats of the C series are the geometric mean between the A and B series formats with the same number. For example, an unfolded A4 size letter fits nicely into a C4 envelope, which in turn fits as nicely into a B4 envelope.
If you fold this letter once to A5 format, then it will fit nicely into a C5 envelope. B and C formats naturally are also square-root-of-two formats. The arithmetic mean is half-way between two numbers by addition, whereas the geometric mean is half-way between two numbers by multiplication. JIS B0 has an area of 1. Using the JIS B series should be avoided. It introduces additional magnification factors and is not an international standard.
The dimensions are in millimeters:. Application examples The ISO standard paper size system covers a wide range of formats, but not all of them are widely used in practice. Among all formats, A4 is clearly the most important one for daily office use. Some main applications of the most popular formats can be summarized as:. The main advantage of the ISO standard paper sizes becomes obvious for users of copying machines: Example 1: You are in a library and want to copy an article out of a journal that has A4 format.
In order to save paper, you want copy two journal pages onto each sheet of A4 paper. If you open the journal, the two A4 pages that you will now see together have A3 format.
One reproduced A4 page will now have A5 format. No wasted paper margins appear, no text has been cut off, and no experiments for finding the appropriate magnification factor are necessary. The same principle works for books in B5 or A5 format. Copying machines designed for ISO paper sizes usually provide special keys for the following frequently needed magnification factors:.
Example 2: If you prepare a letter, you will have to know the weight of the content in order to determine the postal fee. This can be very conveniently calculated with the ISO A series paper sizes. If we estimate 20 g for a C4 envelope including some safety margin , then you will be able to put 16 A4 pages into a letter before you reach the g limit for the next higher postal fee.
Calculation of the mass of books, newspapers, or packed paper is equally trivial. You probably will not need such calculations often, but they nicely show the beauty of the concept of metric paper sizes. Using standard paper sizes saves money and makes life simpler in many applications.
For example, if all scientific journals used only ISO formats, then libraries would have to buy only very few different sizes for the binders. Shelves can be designed such that standard formats will fit in exactly without too much wasted shelf volume. In some countries e. Further details Calculating the dimensions The ISO paper sizes are specified in the standard in a table that states their width and height in millimeters.
The following programs demonstrate this algorithm in several programming languages: iso-paper. These should preferably be derived by cutting standard series sizes into 3, 4, or 8 equal parts, parallel with the shorter side, such that the ratio between the longer and shorter side is greater than the square root of two. Some example long formats in millimeters are:. The DL format is the most widely used business letter format.
Its size falls somewhat out of the system and equipment manufacturers have complained that it is slightly too small for reliable automatic enveloping. There exists no international standard yet for window envelopes and matching letterhead layouts.
For C4 envelopes, the top edge of the window should be either 27 or 45 mm from the top edge of the envelope. The letterhead standard DIN does not specify the actual content or form of a pre-printed letterhead, it only specifies zones for the location of certain elements.
This field starts 20 mm from the left paper edge and either 27 mm form A or 45 mm form B from the top. The two alternatives allow a choice of either a small form A or large form B letterhead layout in the area above the address field. There is one folding mark for C6 on the top edge of the page, mm from the left edge. There are also two folding marks on the left edge of the page, either and mm from the bottom edge form A or and mm from the top edge form B. Its top-left corner should be located 20 mm from the left margin and 53 mm from the top margin of the envelope.
Its top-left corner is located 20 mm from the left margin and 51 mm from the top margin of the page.
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