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Contact Us. Technical Support. Worldwide Distributors. FK Immunosuppressant. ALXM 1 mg Replaces Prod. Immunosuppressant that blocks T cell proliferation in vitro by inhibiting the generation of several lymphokines, especially IL Safety and efficacy of tacrolimus-coated silicone plates as an alternative to mitomycin C in a rabbit model of conjunctival fibrosis : S.
Yoon, et al. Pfuhlmann, et al. Neuroinflammation 15 , 35 , Abstract ; Full Text. Asai, et al. Bennett, et al. Kurland, et al. Distinct biological activity of threonine monophosphorylated MAPK isoforms during the stress response in fission yeast : B.
Vazquez, et al. Effects of embryonic cyclosporine exposures on brain development and behavior : D. Clift, et al. Brain Res. Koyano-Nakagawa, et al. It had therefore been anticipated that the immunosuppressive effects of CsA and FK are almost identical, and mediated via antagonism of calcineurin activity. Recent experimental results [ 10 ; Almawi et al. This is a very important difference between FK and CsA, the latter of which is ineffective in the treatment of allograft rejection [ 11 ].
While the exact cellular and molecular targets of FK remain to be investigated, the use of FK in combating refractory allograft rejection episodes [ 11 , 12 , 19 ] appears rational in view of the above findings. Correspondence and offprint requests to : Dr Wassim Y. Identification of calcineurin as a key signalling enzyme in T lymphocyte activation. Nature ; : — Kunz J, Hall MN. Cyclosporin A, FK, and rapamycin: more than just immunosuppression.
Trends Biochem Sci ; 18 : — Clin Transplant ; 13 : — Eur J Pharmacol ; : 51 — Halloran PF. Molecular mechanisms of new immunosuppressants.
Clin Transplant ; 10 : — Distinct tissue and cellular distribution of two major isoforms of calcineurin. Mol Immunol ; 34 : — The mechanism of action of cyclosporin A and FK Clin Immunol Immunopathol ; 80 : S40 — Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK or rapamycin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther ; 55 : — Cyclosporin A and tacrolimus FK suppress expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in vitro by different mechanisms.
Br J Pharmacol ; : — Jiang H, Kobayashi M. Differences between cyclosporin A and tacrolimus in organ transplantation. Transplant Proc ; 31 : — Efficacy of tacrolimus in the treatment of refractory rejection in heart and lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant ; 18 : — The effect of cyclosporin A, FK, and rapamycin on the murine contact sensitivity reaction.
Clin Exp Immunol ; : — J Immunol ; : — Differences in type 1 and type 2 intracytoplasmic cytokines, detected by flow cytometry, according to immunosuppression cyclosporin A vs. Vanrenterghem YF. Which calcineurin inhibitor is preferred in renal transplantation: tacrolimus or cyclosporine?
Experimental data were first published in , and clinical trials were started 2 years later in Pittsburgh. The drug has a potent hepatotrophic effect, which could explain its success in liver transplantation. However, recent data show that the drug is not devoid of toxicity mainly nephrotoxicity , which should the percent the need for careful blood monitoring.
Several methods of analysis have been described, some satisfactory, others inadequate for routine monitoring. There is still a lack of specific methods to determine routinely the parent drug concentrations in biological fluids for clinical pharmacokinetics purposes. Despite greater experience in therapeutic drug monitoring, the correlation between FK concentrations and efficacy or toxicity is still unclear.
More investigations are required to better understand and determine the appropriate use of FK in organ transplantation and treating autoimmune diseases. Most users should sign in with their email address. If you originally registered with a username please use that to sign in. To purchase short term access, please sign in to your Oxford Academic account above. Don't already have an Oxford Academic account?
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